Agriculture

When was the English agriculture revolution?

One of the important issues that one historian has argued for decades. University in Bethany and her new book Gordon NIE Fu, Michael Hull, John Baker and Hackett Turner of the University of Nottingham, is currently in agricultural production of new evidence, in the 18th century and 19th century, the more opportunities Does the nature of revolution in the United Kingdom Agricultural reinterpret.

Main Ernle 20 th century agricultural revolution, wrote a classic account back. He stressed the importance of technological and institutional changes, introduced new crops' and 'great man' them for approval at the same time the Industrial Revolution (1750 - 1850) are encouraged to run. This view is in violation of the 20th century a new scholarship, to 60 years by the JD Chambers and GE Mingay said that E. coli Jones, Eric Kerridge leadership, wave. Importance of these studies highlighted the period before the 1750 changes in the agricultural revolution and the expansion of standards Chambers (and Mingay said, though still a key period of 1850 to 1750 listed). Thompson is at the same time flexible production line, 1815 'in one other agricultural' revolution has taken place recommended. Since then, a new source, historians production and productivity by allowing a more intensive quantitative assessment, as requested by Mark Dayton's recent study, for example, again from 1850 to 1750 emphasized the importance of the century.

Turner, Beckett and Afton to maintain, however, since many defects "weak" and a big gap between our understanding of the agricultural revolution, "living, 18 and 19 th century emphasis on adherence to evidence data maybe. Collected 60 years before the age of 19 th century, no formal, systematic data on agricultural production and historians have shown young and agriculture, the author, among others, general views of Arthur, were relying on data . As Turner, Beckett and Afton said that this is not necessarily systematic or bias. Rather, he believes that as new data record form is present. Area under other chapters and content were studied. Author did not flinch from these records in a clear limitations. Agriculture accounts, labor records and memoranda "are highly personal documents, books, 'and' quality and quantity in much change. However, Turner, Beckett and Afton continues with analysis of their potential heavy really ", an impressive collection of nearly two centuries the history of agriculture in 1914 is deemed them many years ago, to ignore ' effort. Agricultural production in the United Kingdom, and then to the first systematic attempt to analyze agricultural production and farm records provided evidence of practice.

What do they get?

The third chapter and 18th century and 19th century practices changing nature of the problem is concerned with agricultural techniques. However, issues related to agricultural use of recorded immediately clear, the authors acknowledged that these sources and qualitative terms Inpreshnist provided on this issue is only one.

In fact there is evidence that although 'the agricultural and growing slowly, however, from low input / early 18 th century, at a new input / mid 19th century in the production of high agricultural economy "( status of the production). This argument in more depth next 3, discovery, production of major agricultural region - wheat, barley, oats, and cattle - Assessment Section. Record yields of wheat cultivation, acres of new estimates, 1720 according to 19 bushels, mid 18 th century saw an average of up to 21-22 bushels. The 18 th Century 80 th century has been removed by 90 and 18, but the trend has grown since then, in the 19th century, 40 years approximately 30 bushels per acre in the top. 27-28 plateau return the remainder of this century based rate . Wheat production is therefore recommended that the agricultural revolution, 19 th 20 th century ago, firmly located in 4 years should be. A similar conclusion barley production number, production of 20 rises and 1840s with age between 19 th century was an important period . Oat production is not clear, the trend of reduction, but also in the 19th century, a significant increase in production, per bushel 19 th century about 50, 40 years to reach half of that address walks. Consideration of other crops (rapeseed, broad beans, peas) and a small number, but one place in the 19th century's second quarter compared to wheat production curve shows increasing trend. Put together, all this evidence on crop production as "a real constant, and in the past to explain the break proof.

Carcass weight, progress also shows that the shape of lambs, calves with the best indicator of increasing productivity growth. Although the author believes, measuring livestock production "very complex" and spring filled with potholes, "We have no reason to doubt that the number and weight of livestock sector output increased is. In his final chapter that the author's from the late 19th century British agriculture, a growing population and the success rate accounts. Therefore, fields from about 1800 solid agricultural revolution "in 1850 within a period of record" .

Strong support for this book, because it mainly was because half of 19th century agricultural revolution of ideas incident. Wheat yield evidence presented - often in the 19th century and 18th century English, as in agriculture speaking countries, standard gauge to see - especially useful for. However, caution is needed. Farm records and use the present, yet, the agricultural revolution clearly has many problems. Turner, Beckett and Afton for insufficient evidence based on 1000 results of their investigations or real estate owner-occupied farms. While at least one English county season, a record data favor a regional basis in South Asia swing set. More importantly, individual farm data can shift significant results. This is particularly the number of animals, the most solid argument as part of the situation. In addition, tell us how to record crop yields in the agricultural labor productivity growth was about 1:00. The record harvest, when and how to provide robust solutions to the problem of the agricultural revolution might have taken place. However, a useful addition to this history in one important and new books and modern British history, a major issue.

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Agriculture